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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

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Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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CD83 Regulates the Immune Responses in Inflammatory Disorders.

Bushra Riaz1, S M Shamsul Islam2, Hye Myung Ryu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

CD83, a molecule on immune cells, is vital for regulating inflammation and T cell responses. Further research is needed to clarify its role in autoimmune diseases and pathogen immune evasion.

Keywords:
CD83dendritic cellherpes simplex virusinflammatory disease

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Immune system activation is crucial for homeostasis and pathogen defense.
  • Dysregulated immune responses can cause immunopathology and inflammation.
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) and T cell differentiation are key to pathogen eradication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current findings on CD83's immunological functions.
  • To explore CD83's proposed role in inflammatory disorders.
  • To investigate CD83's involvement in autoimmune diseases and pathogen immune evasion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing immunological studies on CD83.
  • Analysis of CD83 expression on mature DCs, B cells, and T cells.
  • Discussion of CD83's proposed functions as a co-stimulatory molecule.

Main Results:

  • CD83 is expressed on mature DCs, activated B cells, and T cells.
  • Both membrane-bound and soluble CD83 forms are under investigation.
  • CD83 is suggested to be a co-stimulatory molecule involved in inflammation resolution.

Conclusions:

  • CD83 plays a role in monitoring and resolving inflammatory reactions.
  • The precise functions of CD83 in autoimmune diseases require further elucidation.
  • CD83's impact on pathogen immune evasion strategies remains an open question.