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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE in C57BL/6 Mice
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Comprehensive Insight into Lichen Planus Immunopathogenesis.

Marijana Vičić1, Nika Hlača1, Marija Kaštelan1

  • 1Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Lichen planus, a chronic skin and mucous membrane disease, is triggered by genetic and environmental factors. Its development involves immune responses, particularly cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the IL-23/Th-17 axis.

Keywords:
NK-cellsT lymphocytesantibodiesdendritic cellsetiologyimmunopathogenesiskeratinocyteslichen planusmacrophagesmast cells

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Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture
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Area of Science:

  • Immunodermatology
  • Oral Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lichen planus affects skin, appendages, and mucous membranes, impacting quality of life.
  • Cutaneous lichen planus is rare (<1% population), while oral lichen planus is more prevalent.
  • Disease etiology is not fully understood but involves immune-mediated mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current lichen planus knowledge.
  • To discuss causal genetic and environmental factors.
  • To describe the immunopathogenesis and inflammatory pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lichen planus.
  • Analysis of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.
  • Description of immunological mechanisms and cellular players.

Main Results:

  • Immune-mediated mechanisms are central to lichen planus pathogenesis.
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Th1, and the IL-23/Th-17 axis are key effectors.
  • Environmental factors (infections, stress, microbiome) can trigger disease in susceptible individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Lichen planus pathogenesis is complex, involving genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers.
  • Cell-mediated cytotoxicity and specific inflammatory pathways are crucial.
  • Further research can elucidate precise mechanisms for targeted therapies.