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Experimental Study on Shear Behavior of Rock Composite Material under Normal Unloading Conditions.

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  • 1School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.

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|February 11, 2023
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Rock joint stability is crucial for excavation safety. This study reveals how decreasing normal stress impacts joint strength and proposes a new method to predict instability using deformation energy evolution.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Rock Mechanics
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Rock mass stability is often governed by joints, which are critical in composite materials.
  • Excavation processes can lead to decreased normal stress on joints, reducing shear strength and potentially causing rock mass failure.
  • Existing research primarily examines joint behavior under constant normal stress, neglecting the effects of normal stress unloading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the strength characteristics of rock joints under normal stress unloading conditions.
  • To analyze the deformation and acoustic emission (AE) behavior of joints during normal stress unloading.
  • To propose a novel method for predicting joint instability during normal unloading based on energy evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Direct shear tests were conducted on joints with varying roughness, maintaining constant shear stress while decreasing normal stress.
  • Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques were employed to analyze deformation characteristics.
  • Acoustic Emission (AE) monitoring was used to capture micro-fracturing events and analyze AE-counting characteristics.

Main Results:

  • The extent of normal stress unloading increased with higher initial normal stress and roughness but decreased with increased initial shear stress.
  • Acoustic emission events peaked when normal stress reached the failure point, and the b-value showed increased fluctuation during stable development under unloading.
  • Total deformation energy (U0) varied with stress loading and unloading cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the strength characteristics and failure mechanisms of rock joints under normal stress unloading.
  • A new method for predicting rock mass instability during normal unloading is proposed, utilizing the abrupt changes in total deformation energy (U0).
  • The findings contribute to a better understanding of rock mass behavior in engineering applications involving stress unloading.