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Microorganisms for Ginsenosides Biosynthesis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives
Luan Luong Chu1,2, Nguyen Quang Huy3,4, Nguyen Huu Tung5
1Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 11, 2023
Summary
Microbial production offers an efficient and cost-effective method for manufacturing ginsenosides, potent compounds from Panax species with anticancer properties. This review explores using microbial hosts for ginsenoside production, overcoming limitations of traditional plant extraction.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Microbiology
Background:
- Ginsenosides, bioactive compounds from Panax species, possess significant anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
- Current chemical extraction methods for ginsenosides are environmentally taxing and expensive due to complex downstream processing.
- The pharmaceutical potential of ginsenosides necessitates sustainable and efficient production strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the cell biological mechanisms underlying the anticancer activities of ginsenosides.
- To summarize the current research landscape of microbial production of ginsenosides.
- To discuss the challenges and future perspectives of utilizing microbial hosts for ginsenoside synthesis.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review focusing on ginsenoside bioactivity and production methodologies.
- Analysis of microbial hosts, including native endophytes and genetically engineered microorganisms, for ginsenoside biosynthesis.
- Evaluation of cell biological mechanisms related to ginsenoside's anticancer effects.
Main Results:
- Microbial production presents a highly efficient, selective, and time-saving alternative to traditional plant extraction for ginsenosides.
- Various microbial platforms, encompassing both naturally occurring endophytes and engineered microbes, have demonstrated promise for ginsenoside synthesis.
- Understanding cell biological mechanisms is crucial for optimizing ginsenoside's therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer treatment.
Conclusions:
- Microbial production using engineered or native hosts is a viable and advanced approach for sustainable ginsenoside manufacturing.
- Further research into microbial host optimization and metabolic engineering can unlock the full pharmaceutical potential of ginsenosides.
- Addressing current challenges in microbial ginsenoside production will pave the way for industrial-scale applications.
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