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Seed Longevity-The Evolution of Knowledge and a Conceptual Framework.

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Seed longevity, the duration seeds remain viable, depends on moisture and temperature. Understanding seed ageing mechanisms and storage biology is crucial for conserving crop and wild species biodiversity.

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Area of Science:

  • Seed biology
  • Plant physiology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Seed longevity is a complex trait influenced by species and environmental factors like moisture and temperature.
  • Seed ageing involves cytoplasmic solidification, slowing but not stopping degradation of cellular components.
  • Understanding seed viability is essential for biodiversity conservation and crop improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of scientific understanding of seed longevity over the past five decades.
  • To explore advancements in seed ageing mechanisms and storage technologies.
  • To highlight the interdisciplinary nature of seed storage biology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on seed longevity, ageing, and storage.
  • Analysis of empirical models and biophysical explanations for seed viability.
  • Examination of technological developments for predicting and assessing seed longevity.

Main Results:

  • Scientific understanding has progressed from anecdotal rules to biophysical models and insights into glassy states in dry seeds.
  • Environmental factors (moisture, temperature) critically influence seed lifespan by affecting cytoplasmic solidification and degradation rates.
  • Technological advancements aid in predicting storage behavior and assessing seed longevity non-invasively.

Conclusions:

  • Seed storage biology is an interdisciplinary science integrating physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, and multi-omics.
  • Continued advancements in these areas are vital for enhancing seed storage efficacy.
  • Improved seed storage is critical for both agricultural applications and the conservation of global biodiversity.