Design of Ultra-Wideband Phased Array Applicator for Breast Cancer Hyperthermia Therapy

Focused microwave-hyperthermia therapy has recently emerged as a key technology in the treatment of breast cancer due to non-invasive treatment. An applicator of a three-ring phased array consisting of ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip antennas was designed for breast cancer therapy and operates at 0.915 GHz and 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna has an ultra-wideband from 0.7 GHz to 5.5 GHz with resonant frequencies of 0.915 GHz and 2.45 GHz and dimensions of 15 × 43.5 × 1.575 mm³. The number of each ring was chosen to be 12 based on the SAR distribution and the performance indicators of tumor off-center focusing results for four different numbers of single-ring arrays. The homogeneous breast model is applied to a three-ring phased array consisting of 36 elements for focused simulation, and 1 cm³ and 2 cm³ tumors are placed in three different locations in the breast. The simulation results show that the proposed phased array has good performance and the capability to raise the temperature of different volumes of breast cancer above 42.5 °C after choosing a suitable operating frequency. The proposed applicator allows for precise treatment of tumors by selecting the appropriate operating frequency based on the size of the malignant tumor.