Genome Editing of Pig.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Research
• Genetics
• Animal Models

Background:

• Pigs share anatomical and physiological similarities with humans, making them suitable for biomedical research.
• The demand for translational research highlights the need for large-scale animal models with human extrapolation potential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the generation of genetically modified pigs using advanced genome editing technologies.
• To discuss the establishment of gene-modified cells for producing knockout and knock-in pigs.
• To outline methods for producing gene knockout pigs.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing genome editing tools such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR-Cas9.
• Establishing gene-modified cells (nuclear donor cells) for somatic cell nuclear transplantation.
• Employing cytoplasmic injection for the production of gene knockout pigs.

Main Results:

• Efficient generation of genetically modified pigs is achievable with current genome editing technologies.
• Both knockout and knock-in pigs are increasingly important in research.
• Established protocols for producing gene-modified pigs via somatic cell nuclear transplantation and cytoplasmic injection.

Conclusions:

• Genetically modified pigs are a significant bioresource for biomedical research, particularly in translational studies.
• Advanced genome editing has revolutionized the creation of precise genetic modifications in pigs.
• Pigs are essential for advancing organ transplantation and regenerative medicine research.