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Mood Variability, Craving, and Substance Use Disorders: From Intrinsic Brain Network Connectivity to Daily Life

Carmen Morawetz1, Stella Berboth1, Valentine Chirokoff2

  • 1Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
|February 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mood variability in substance use disorders (SUDs) is linked to altered brain connectivity. Understanding these neural biomarkers may help predict relapse risk and inform new treatments for addiction.

Keywords:
AddictionDynamic causal modelingEcological momentary assessmentEmotion regulationExperience samplingResting-state fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a significant global health issue, often characterized by their chronic nature.
  • Emotional dysregulation, indicated by increased mood variability, may be a key factor in SUD relapse.
  • Neural underpinnings of mood variability in SUD remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between mood variability and brain connectivity in individuals with SUDs.
  • To identify potential neural biomarkers associated with mood variability and craving in SUD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was employed to capture real-time mood, craving, and substance use in 54 SUD patients and 30 controls.
  • Spectral dynamic causal modeling (spDCM) analyzed effective brain connectivity within emotion networks.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with SUDs exhibited altered effective connectivity in prefrontal control and emotion generation networks compared to controls.
  • Mood variability in SUD patients was associated with craving intensity.
  • Effective connectivity patterns were modulated by mood variability within the SUD group.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic causal dynamics in neural networks regulating emotion predict daily mood variability and craving in SUD patients.
  • These findings highlight potential neural biomarkers for predicting relapse risk in SUD.
  • This research paves the way for developing targeted interventions for SUD relapse prevention.