Sepsis and postoperative surgical site infections

Surgical site infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. High-quality evidence supports several measures to prevent surgical site infections that should be applied with high compliance, although effective application remains suboptimal. Recognizing high-risk patients and avoiding potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of surgical site infections is paramount in preventing progression to sepsis, particularly in emergency surgical patients with physiologic derangement. A high index of suspicion postoperatively is critical to identify patients with surgical site infections and to prevent failure to rescue.