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Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Exon Recombination02:32

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
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Recombination and selection against introgressed DNA.

Carl Veller1,2, Nathaniel B Edelman3,4, Pavitra Muralidhar1,2

  • 1Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|February 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recombination influences how quickly deleterious introgressed DNA is removed from a genome. Species with fewer chromosomes purge introgression more effectively, showing weaker genomic signals of past admixture events.

Keywords:
hybridizationintrogressionrecombinationspeciation

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Genetics
  • Population Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Introgressed DNA can be detrimental to recipient species, leading to its removal by natural selection.
  • Recombination plays a crucial role in shaping genomic landscapes and evolutionary trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of recombination on the purging of introgressed DNA.
  • To understand how genome structure and recombination patterns influence the strength of selection against introgressed alleles.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of selection and introgression.
  • Whole-genome simulations to assess evolutionary dynamics.
  • Comparative analysis across different genomic architectures.

Main Results:

  • Aggregate recombination rate significantly controls genome-wide purging of introgressed ancestry in early generations.
  • Species with fewer chromosomes are predicted to exhibit more profound purging and weaker genomic signals of introgression.
  • Recombination rate positively correlates with introgressed ancestry due to enhanced purging of deleterious alleles, not unlinking neutral from deleterious ones.

Conclusions:

  • Recombination is a key factor governing the rate and extent of introgressed DNA purging.
  • Genomic architecture, particularly chromosome number and recombination patterns, influences the persistence of introgressed ancestry.
  • Observed correlations between recombination and introgressed ancestry are primarily driven by recombination's role in purging deleterious alleles.