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Aporphine derivatives affect ocular function in diverse ways.

J A Burke1, D E Potter

  • 1University of California, Department of Ophthalmology, Irvine 92717.

Current Eye Research
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Aporphine dopamine agonists like (-)NPA and NA have dual effects on eye pressure and pupil size. They can increase or decrease intraocular pressure and pupil diameter through central and peripheral mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Dopamine receptor agonists, particularly aporphine derivatives, influence the sympathetic nervous system.
  • The sympathetic nervous system plays a role in ocular functions such as intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ocular effects of two aporphine dopamine agonists, (-) N-propylnorapomorphine ((-)NPA) and norapomorphine (NA).
  • To evaluate the impact of these agonists on IOP, PD, and cat nictitating membrane (CNM) contractions in various animal models, including normal and sympathectomized rabbits and cats.

Main Methods:

  • Topical administration of (-)NPA and NA in rabbits and cats.
  • Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD).
  • Assessment of cat nictitating membrane (CNM) contractions following electrical nerve stimulation and exogenous norepinephrine administration.

Main Results:

  • (-)NPA caused varied IOP responses (monophasic drop, biphasic increase/decrease) and bilateral pupil dilation in normal rabbits, and biphasic IOP and pupil responses in cats.
  • NA lowered IOP unilaterally in normal rabbits but not in sympathectomized rabbits.
  • Both agonists inhibited CNM contractions, with (-)NPA also inhibiting contractions from exogenous norepinephrine, suggesting both central and peripheral actions.

Conclusions:

  • Aporphine derivatives exhibit dual, opposing effects on ocular function.
  • Central effects include enhanced noradrenergic activity, leading to mydriasis, increased spontaneous motor activity, and ocular hypertension.
  • Peripheral effects involve miosis and ocular hypotension.

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