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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

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Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Updated: Aug 10, 2025

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
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Engineered Norovirus-Derived Nanoparticles as a Plug-and-Play Cancer Vaccine Platform.

Peng Zheng1, Ying Yang2, Yuting Fu1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.

ACS Nano
|February 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel virus-derived protein nanoparticle (NP) platform for cancer vaccines. This versatile NP system effectively delivers tumor antigens, enhances immune responses, and significantly inhibits tumor growth in preclinical models.

Keywords:
NorovirusSpyCatcher/SpyTagbioconjugationcancer vaccineprotein nanoparticlesself-assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Vaccinology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Virus-derived protein nanoparticles (NPs) are promising antigen delivery platforms for vaccine development.
  • Existing platforms require further enhancement for modularity and versatility in antigen conjugation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust, modular, and versatile NP-based carrier platform using a genetically engineered Norovirus S domain.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of this NP platform in delivering tumor antigens and eliciting anti-tumor immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered Norovirus S domain with SpyCatcher003 (Nov-S-Catcher003) expressed in *Escherichia coli*.
  • Self-assembly of Nov-S-Catcher003 into uniform NPs.
  • Conjugation of SpyTag003-linked tumor antigens to NPs.
  • In vitro assessment of dendritic cell maturation and in vivo evaluation in tumor-bearing mouse models.

Main Results:

  • High yield (97.8 mg/L) and stability of Nov-S-Catcher003 NPs.
  • Efficient NP-antigen conjugation and promotion of dendritic cell maturation.
  • In vivo induction of robust tumor-specific T-cell immunity, tumor microenvironment modulation, and significant tumor growth inhibition.
  • Complete tumor eradication observed in the TC-1 model.

Conclusions:

  • The Nov-S-Catcher003 system provides a versatile and efficient platform for developing NP-based cancer vaccines.
  • This platform demonstrates significant potential for therapeutic cancer vaccination strategies.