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Magnesium ions improve vasomotor function in exhausted rats.

Dan Wang1, Zong-Xiang Li1, Dong-Mou Jiang1

  • 1Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.

Plos One
|February 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Long-term exhaustive exercise impairs rat vascular function and morphology, decreasing magnesium levels. Supplementation with magnesium ions significantly improves vasomotor function and mitigates exercise-induced vascular damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Exhaustive exercise can induce significant physiological stress.
  • Vascular function is crucial for overall health and can be affected by intense physical activity.
  • Magnesium's role in vascular health is recognized, but its specific impact post-exhaustive exercise requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of long-term exhaustive exercise on vascular morphology and function in rats.
  • To determine the impact of exhaustive exercise on serum magnesium levels and inflammatory markers.
  • To evaluate the potential of magnesium supplementation to ameliorate exercise-induced vascular dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a 3-week exhaustive swimming exercise protocol or served as controls.

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  • Vascular morphology was assessed using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.
  • Serum levels of magnesium, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α), oxidative stress markers (MDA, ROS), and vasoactive substances (NO, ET-1) were measured.
  • Vascular ring assays were performed to evaluate endothelial-dependent and independent vasodilation and constriction.

    • Main Results:

    • Exhaustive exercise led to vascular smooth muscle thickening, disordered cell arrangement, and endothelial cell damage.
    • Serum magnesium levels decreased significantly in the exhaustive exercise group.
    • Elevated levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, and ROS, along with decreased NO and an increased NO/ET-1 ratio, were observed post-exercise.
    • Exercise-induced vasoconstriction was enhanced, and relaxation responses were impaired, which were significantly improved by 4.8mM Mg2+.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-term exhaustive exercise induces detrimental changes in vascular morphology and function in rats.
    • These vascular impairments are associated with increased inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered nitric oxide bioavailability.
    • Magnesium supplementation demonstrates a significant protective effect, improving vasomotor function and mitigating exercise-induced vascular damage.