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Chronic Cough-Related Differences in Brain Morphometry in Adults: A Population-Based Study.

Johnmary T Arinze1, Elisabeth J Vinke2, Katia M C Verhamme3

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

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|February 13, 2023
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Summary

Individuals with chronic cough exhibit reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume, a brain region crucial for cough suppression. This finding suggests potential morphometric changes in the central nervous system associated with chronic cough.

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adultsbrain MRIbrain volume analysischronic coughintracranial volumepopulation-based study

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cough hypersensitivity is linked to heightened neural responses and potential structural brain changes.
  • Chronic cough may involve maladaptive alterations in central cough processing systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in regional brain volumes between adults with and without chronic cough.
  • To determine if brain regions implicated in cough hypersensitivity show volume variations in chronic cough patients.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study (Rotterdam Study) involving brain MRI scans and chronic cough interviews.
  • Quantification of regional brain volumes using parcellation software in 3,620 participants.
  • Multivariable regression models analyzed the association between chronic cough and seven pre-identified brain regions.

Main Results:

  • Chronic cough was diagnosed in 9.6% of participants.
  • Individuals with chronic cough had significantly smaller anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) volume compared to controls.
  • The volume reduction in ACC was more pronounced in the left hemisphere and in male participants.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic cough is associated with a smaller anterior cingulate cortex volume.
  • The ACC plays a role in cough suppression, and its reduced volume may be a contributing factor or consequence of chronic cough.