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Human muscle function following prolonged eccentric exercise.

A J Sargeant1, P Dolan

  • 1Department of Exercise Physiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
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Prolonged eccentric exercise, like downhill walking, significantly reduces muscle strength and power for up to 96 hours. This exercise type causes muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase levels.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Muscle Physiology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Eccentric muscle contractions are crucial for activities involving deceleration and shock absorption.
  • Prolonged eccentric exercise is known to cause muscle damage and functional deficits.
  • Understanding the long-term effects of sustained eccentric contractions is important for athletes and rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional consequences of prolonged, fatiguing eccentric exercise on skeletal muscle.
  • To compare the effects of prolonged eccentric exercise with high-cost concentric exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Four subjects performed downhill walking (eccentric contractions) until volitional fatigue.
  • Maximal voluntary isometric contraction and short-term power output were measured before and after exercise.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Percutaneous stimulation assessed changes in quadriceps muscle function.
  • Plasma creatine kinase levels were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant and sustained reductions in maximal voluntary isometric contraction and power output were observed for 96 hours post-exercise.
    • Eccentric exercise led to reduced tension at low-frequency stimulation, indicating impaired muscle activation or excitation-contraction coupling.
    • All subjects exhibited elevated plasma creatine kinase levels, a marker of muscle damage.
    • Uphill walking (concentric exercise) at a higher metabolic cost did not induce comparable functional deficits.

    Conclusions:

    • Prolonged eccentric exercise causes significant and lasting reductions in dynamic muscle function.
    • These findings highlight the substantial impact of sustained eccentric contractions on muscle performance and integrity.
    • Eccentric exercise-induced muscle fatigue and damage have implications for training and recovery protocols.