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Updated: Aug 10, 2025

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56 Gb/s PAM4 physical secure communication based on electro-optic self-feedback hardware temporal phase encryption

Zhensen Gao, Ying Luo, Lihong Zhang

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    |February 14, 2023
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    Summary

    This study demonstrates a 56 Gb/s PAM4 optical communication system with physical-layer security. An electro-optic module encrypts and decrypts data, ensuring secure transmission over 60 km of fiber.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical communication systems
    • Information security
    • Physical layer security

    Background:

    • Physical layer security is crucial for optical networks.
    • High-speed secure optical communication faces challenges with advanced modulation and commercial hardware.
    • Existing solutions often require additional encryption channels.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally demonstrate a high-speed physical-layer secure optical communication system.
    • To achieve secure data transmission without extra encryption channels.
    • To validate the system's performance over a significant fiber distance.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a 56 Gb/s Pulse Amplitude Modulation with 4 levels (PAM4) format.
    • Employed an electro-optic self-feedback hardware module for temporal self-phase encryption and decryption.
    • Transmitted an encrypted confidential signal over 60 km of single-mode fiber.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated a high-speed 56 Gb/s PAM4 physical-layer secure optical communication system.
    • Achieved successful decryption of the confidential signal after transmission.
    • The system operated without requiring any additional encryption channel.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated scheme offers a promising solution for ultra-high-speed physical secure optical communication.
    • The system is integrable with existing optical networks and can be used as a pluggable module.
    • Future integration with advanced multiplexing technology could further enhance capabilities.