Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 10, 2025
10:19
Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
Published on: July 18, 2017
12.0K
Highly efficient Bi-promoted ZrO2-based materials for non-oxidative propane dehydrogenation
Tatiana Otroshchenko1, Evgenii V Kondratenko1
1Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität, Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29 A, Rostock D-18059, Germany. tatiana.otroshchenko@catalysis.de.
Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|February 14, 2023
Summary
Bismuth oxide promotion of zirconium dioxide catalysts enhances propene yield by facilitating oxygen removal. This development is crucial for optimizing industrial catalytic processes at high temperatures.
Area of Science:
- Catalysis
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)-based catalysts are widely used in industrial applications.
- Controlling the surface and bulk properties of catalysts is key to enhancing their performance.
- Lattice oxygen removal is a critical step in many catalytic reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) as a promoter on ZrO2-based catalysts.
- To understand how Bi2O3 influences the removal of lattice oxygen and the formation of active sites.
- To evaluate the catalytic performance for propene production at industrially relevant conditions.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of ZrO2-based catalysts promoted with Bi2O3.
- Characterization of catalyst properties, focusing on oxygen mobility and cation coordination.
- Evaluation of catalytic activity and selectivity for propene yield at 600 °C.
Main Results:
- Promotion with Bi2O3 facilitated the removal of lattice oxygen from ZrO2 under reductive conditions.
- The formation of coordinatively unsaturated Zr cations was observed.
- The promoted catalysts achieved industrially relevant propene yields at 600 °C.
Conclusions:
- Surface or bulk promotion of ZrO2 with Bi2O3 is an effective strategy to enhance catalytic performance.
- The mechanism involves facilitating lattice oxygen removal and creating active Zr sites.
- Optimized catalyst design using suitable promoters is essential for industrial applications.
Related Concept Videos
02:47Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
18.6K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
18.6K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.4K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.4K
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
12.3K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.3K
02:44Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
10.6K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
10.6K
03:08Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
8.6K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
8.6K
01:28Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.7K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
4.7K