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Four novel Curtobacterium phages isolated from environmental samples.

Katrine Wacenius Skov Alanin1,2, Nikoline S Olsen2, Amaru Miranda Djurhuus2

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Four new bacteriophages targeting Curtobacterium bacteria were discovered. These novel phages, Reje, Penoan, Parvaparticeps, and Pize, represent four new genera within the Caudoviricetes class.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Curtobacterium species are commonly found on plant surfaces (phyllosphere).
  • Limited research exists on bacteriophages infecting Curtobacterium, with only one previously isolated.
  • This highlights a gap in understanding phage diversity within this genus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize novel bacteriophages targeting Curtobacterium species.
  • To investigate the genetic relatedness of these new phages to existing ones.
  • To propose new taxonomic classifications for these distinct phages.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of plaque-forming bacteriophages using two novel Curtobacterium strains as hosts.
  • Genomic analysis to determine nucleotide intergenomic similarity.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to assess evolutionary relationships.

Main Results:

  • Four novel Curtobacterium phages (Reje, Penoan, Parvaparticeps, Pize) were successfully isolated.
  • Genomic analysis revealed low nucleotide similarity (<32.4%) to known phages.
  • This genetic divergence supports their novelty.

Conclusions:

  • The four isolated phages represent a significant discovery in Curtobacterium phage research.
  • Their unique genetic makeup warrants the proposal of four new genera: "Rejevirus", "Pizevirus", "Penoanvirus", and "Parvaparticepsvirus".
  • These findings expand the known diversity within the Caudoviricetes class.