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Taste Preference Assay for Adult Drosophila
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Innate and Conditioned Taste Processing in Drosophila.

Elizabeth Brown1, Kurtresha Worden2, Yuanyuan Li3

  • 1Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.

Cold Spring Harbor Protocols
|February 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Fruit flies use a proboscis extension response (PER) to detect food value and toxicity. Researchers developed simple protocols to study taste detection and aversive taste memory in Drosophila.

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Area of Science:

  • Sensory Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Peripheral detection of tastants informs animals about food's nutritional value and potential toxicity.
  • Tastants like sugars and fats trigger appetitive responses, while others, like quinine, induce aversion.
  • Food's perceived value is dynamic, influenced by internal states and prior experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural and genetic underpinnings of tastant detection and response.
  • To understand how experience modifies taste-driven behaviors.
  • To introduce accessible protocols for studying taste responses and memory in Drosophila.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the proboscis extension response (PER) in Drosophila melanogaster as a quantifiable measure of taste detection.
  • Employing aversive taste conditioning by pairing appetitive and bitter tastants to study memory formation.
  • Implementing protocols suitable for both research and teaching laboratories without specialized equipment.

Main Results:

  • The proboscis extension response (PER) in Drosophila is a robust, reflexive behavior elicited by tastant presentation to the proboscis or legs.
  • A developed memory assay demonstrated aversive taste conditioning, reducing the PER to attractive tastants after pairing with bitter ones.
  • The protocols are effective for studying taste receptors, neural circuits, feeding behavior, and associative learning.

Conclusions:

  • The Drosophila PER assay provides a powerful model for dissecting the mechanisms of taste perception and simple feeding behaviors.
  • The aversive taste memory assay offers a straightforward method for investigating associative learning in a model organism.
  • These protocols facilitate research and education in sensory neuroscience and behavioral genetics.