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Drink and injection spiking: how to approach an increase in presentations?
Tess Blandamer1,2,3, Jo Daniels4, James Dear5,6
1Emergency Department, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK tess.blandamer62@outlook.com.
Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ
|February 14, 2023
Summary
Drink spiking incidents rose in 2021, with injection spiking emerging. Current guidelines for managing these incidents are underused, leading to inadequate patient care including lack of drug testing and support.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
- Psychological Trauma
Background:
- Significant increase in reported drink spiking incidents in the UK during 2021.
- Emergence of spiking via injection, a novel method gaining media attention.
- Limited published research on drink spiking and no studies on injection spiking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the background and evolving landscape of drug and injection spiking.
- To discuss available drug testing options for suspected spiking victims.
- To highlight the psychological consequences (sequelae) experienced by individuals subjected to spiking.
Main Methods:
- Practice review methodology.
- Exploration of existing UK guidelines for managing spiking incidents.
- Discussion of drug testing modalities and psychological support strategies.
Main Results:
- Existing UK guideline for spiking management ('if clinically indicated') is likely underutilized.
- Patients are frequently managed without comprehensive drug testing.
- Lack of standardized pathways for psychological support and onward referral for victims.
Conclusions:
- Current management of spiking incidents in the UK requires improvement.
- Enhanced clinical guidelines are needed to ensure appropriate drug testing and psychological care.
- Further research into injection spiking and its management is essential.
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