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Related Concept Videos

The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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The KANNO blood group system.

H Ohto1, M Uchikawa2, S Ito3

  • 1Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima City, 960-1295 Fukushima, Japan.

Immunohematology
|February 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The KANNO blood group system features the KANNO1 antigen. While rare KANNO1- cases exist in Asians, anti-KANNO1 is most common in pregnant Japanese women, with no transfusion reactions reported.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Blood banking

Background:

  • The KANNO blood group system (ISBT 037) is defined by the KANNO1 antigen, prevalent across diverse ethnic groups.
  • KANNO1- phenotypes are rare, with theoretical estimations available for East and South Asian populations.
  • Anti-KANNO1 antibodies are primarily identified in Japanese women, particularly those who are pregnant or have been pregnant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of the KANNO blood group system, focusing on the KANNO1 antigen.
  • To analyze the occurrence of anti-KANNO1 antibodies in relation to ethnicity and pregnancy status.
  • To assess the risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn associated with anti-KANNO1.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and DNA database information for KANNO1 antigen prevalence.
  • Analysis of serological data to identify anti-KANNO1 antibody prevalence in different demographic groups.
  • Clinical case review to determine the incidence of transfusion reactions and HDFN related to anti-KANNO1.

Main Results:

  • KANNO1 is a high-prevalence antigen across ethnic groups.
  • KANNO1- individuals are rare, with estimations suggesting sporadic occurrences in East and South Asian populations.
  • Anti-KANNO1 antibodies are most frequently detected in pregnant or previously pregnant Japanese women.
  • No cases of hemolytic transfusion reaction or hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn due to anti-KANNO1 have been reported to date.

Conclusions:

  • The KANNO blood group system, particularly KANNO1, exhibits a broad ethnic prevalence.
  • While anti-KANNO1 is observed, primarily in specific demographic groups, it has not yet been linked to adverse transfusion outcomes or HDFN.
  • Further vigilance and research may be warranted to fully understand the clinical implications of anti-KANNO1.