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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2025

Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
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Idiopathic partial central diabetes insipidus.

Larissa Fabre1, Viviane Calice da Silva1

  • 1Hospital Regional Hans Dieter Schmidt, Joinville, SC, Brazil.

Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
|February 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder where the kidneys cannot conserve water, leading to excessive urination. This case report focuses on idiopathic partial central diabetes insipidus, detailing its management and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition marked by impaired kidney water reabsorption, causing polyuria and polydipsia.
  • It stems from antidiuretic hormone (ADH) deficiency (central DI) or renal resistance to ADH (nephrogenic DI).

Observation:

  • This report details a specific case of idiopathic partial central diabetes insipidus.
  • The condition involves insufficient ADH synthesis, leading to the inability to concentrate urine.

Findings:

  • The case highlights the diagnostic challenges and clinical course of partial central diabetes insipidus.
  • Effective management strategies were identified and applied.

Implications:

  • Understanding the nuances of idiopathic partial central diabetes insipidus is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention.

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  • This case contributes to the clinical knowledge base for managing rare forms of diabetes insipidus.