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    This study introduces an electro-optical polymer modulator. It achieves high modulation depth and stable performance by utilizing mode hybridization, controllable via injection current.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optics
    • Materials Science
    • Electrical Engineering

    Background:

    • Electro-optical modulators are crucial for optical communication and sensing.
    • Achieving high modulation depth and stability simultaneously is a persistent challenge.
    • Nanostructure-based devices offer novel pathways for modulator design.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and design a novel electro-optical polymer modulator.
    • To investigate mode hybridization for enhanced modulation characteristics.
    • To demonstrate current-tunable optical properties with stable sensitivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a polymer modulator featuring double-layered gold nanostrips, a polymer nanograting, and a metal substrate.
    • Simulation and calculation of optical modes and their hybridization.
    • Analysis of the device's response to injection current for modulation.

    Main Results:

    • Observed mode hybridization between Fabry-Pérot (F-P) and anti-bonding modes, tunable by nanograting size and injection current.
    • Achieved near-zero reflectance, a narrow linewidth of 13.8 nm, and a high quality (Q) factor of 51.
    • Demonstrated stable temperature and structural sensitivity during current tuning.
    • Obtained a significant redshift of 60.7 nm and a modulation depth of 424 at 8 µA.

    Conclusions:

    • The designed electro-optical polymer modulator effectively utilizes mode hybridization for enhanced performance.
    • Current-tunable optical properties with stable sensitivity are achievable.
    • The device shows promise for advanced optical modulation applications.