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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute otitis externa (AOE) is a common inflammatory condition affecting the external ear canal.
  • It is characterized by rapid onset, often due to bacterial infections like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation, common causes, and therapeutic strategies for acute otitis externa.
  • To highlight key preventive measures for AOE.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical manifestations including pain (otalgia), redness, and swelling.
  • Discussion of common etiological agents, primarily bacterial.
  • Overview of therapeutic options, including topical and oral antibiotics, and supportive care.

Main Results:

  • Classic findings include ear canal inflammation and tenderness on pinna/tragus movement.
  • Topical antibiotics (acetic acid, aminoglycosides, polymyxin B, quinolones) with or without corticosteroids are primary treatments.
  • Oral antibiotics are reserved for specific complicated cases, such as external cellulitis or immunocompromise.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment choice for AOE depends on factors like cost, tympanic membrane status, and patient adherence.
  • Prevention strategies emphasize avoiding ear canal injury and water exposure.
  • Prompt and appropriate treatment is crucial for managing AOE effectively.