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Psychosocial profiles within community-dwelling older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A prevalence and latent

Savannah Kiah Hui Siew1, Junhong Yu2, Ee Heok Kua3

  • 1Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Asian Journal of Psychiatry
|February 15, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) affects 21.5% of older Singaporeans, with lower social support and higher depression. Three psychosocial profiles were identified within the MCI group, suggesting varying risks for dementia conversion.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a critical stage preceding dementia, yet its prevalence and associated psychosocial factors remain understudied in Singapore.
  • Psychosocial elements are recognized as significant risk factors influencing the progression from MCI to dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of MCI in the Singaporean older adult population.
  • To investigate the psychosocial factors associated with MCI using latent profile analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 902 community-dwelling older adults (60-99 years) underwent neurocognitive assessments and questionnaires.
  • Psychosocial data (depression, anxiety, quality of life, social support, life satisfaction, social connectivity) were collected.
  • Latent profile analysis was applied to the psychosocial scores of 166 individuals diagnosed with MCI.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of MCI was found to be 21.5% in the study sample.
  • Individuals with MCI exhibited lower educational attainment, reduced perceived social support, and increased depressive symptoms compared to those without MCI.
  • Three distinct psychosocial profiles (positive, neutral, negative) were identified within the MCI group, with no significant demographic or cognitive differences between profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The identified psychosocial profiles may indicate varying impacts of MCI on individual well-being.
  • The negative psychosocial profile within the MCI group presents a potential heightened risk for dementia conversion.
  • Further longitudinal research is necessary to validate these findings and their implications for dementia progression.
Keywords:
DementiaDepressionEpidemiologyLatent profile analysisMild Cognitive ImpairmentPsychosocial functioning

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