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Related Concept Videos

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Causal relationships between migraine and microstructural white matter: a Mendelian randomization study.

Lei Zhao1,2, Wenhui Zhao1,2,

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

The Journal of Headache and Pain
|February 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study used genetic data to find causal links between brain white matter (WM) changes and migraine. Specific WM alterations, like the mode of anisotropy in the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, increase migraine risk.

Keywords:
Causal associationImaging-derived phenotypeMendelian randomizationMicrostructural white matterMigraine

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology.
  • Previous observational studies suggested links between white matter (WM) alterations and migraine, but lacked causal evidence.
  • This study employed genetic data to investigate causal relationships between migraine and microstructural WM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a causal relationship between migraine and microstructural alterations in brain white matter (WM).
  • To utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) with genetic data for robust causal inference.
  • To explore bidirectional causal associations between migraine and specific WM imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs).

Main Methods:

  • Conducted bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.
  • Utilized Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for migraine and 360 WM imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs).
  • Selected instrumental variables (IVs) from GWAS data to infer causal effects in both forward (WM on migraine) and reverse (migraine on WM) directions.

Main Results:

  • Identified three significant causal associations between WM IDPs and migraine, confirmed by sensitivity analyses.
  • The mode of anisotropy (MO) of the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus showed a causal effect on migraine (OR=1.76).
  • The orientation dispersion index (OD) of the right posterior thalamic radiation causally affected migraine (OR=0.78), while migraine causally affected the OD of the left superior cerebellar peduncle (β=-0.09).

Conclusions:

  • Provided genetic evidence supporting causal relationships between specific white matter microstructural alterations and migraine.
  • These findings offer novel insights into the role of brain structure in migraine development and experience.
  • Highlights the potential of genetic approaches like MR in understanding complex neurological disorders.