Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Engineered Vascularized Muscle Flap
Published on: January 11, 2016
Propeller Flaps for Lower Back Defects
Edwin Morrison1, Jocelyn Lu2, Francis Graziano2
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Abstract:
What are the reconstructive challenges of the lumbosacral area?What are the goals and principles of reconstructing the lumbosacral defect?What are propeller flaps?How are propeller flaps used in the lumbosacral region?
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Flail Chest-II
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Flail Chest-I
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...