Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2025
09:39
Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
Published on: March 1, 2020
7.5K
Desalination technologies, membrane distillation, and electrospinning, an overview
Monis Bin Abid1,2,3, Roswanira Abdul Wahab2,4,5, Mohamed Abdel Salam6
1Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Heliyon
|February 16, 2023
Summary
Membrane distillation (MD) offers a sustainable solution for water scarcity by using low-grade heat. Developing advanced membranes is key to overcoming biofouling and improving desalination efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Water desalination technologies
- Membrane science and engineering
- Sustainable energy applications
Background:
- Growing global water scarcity necessitates efficient desalination methods.
- Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising low-temperature, low-pressure desalination process.
- MD's effectiveness is hindered by membrane performance and biofouling challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in membrane materials for membrane distillation (MD).
- To explore solutions for enhancing MD efficiency and combating biofouling.
- To provide insights into membrane properties, configurations, and fabrication for MD.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of 21st-century desalination technologies and MD principles.
- Analysis of various membrane composite properties, compositions, and modules.
- Examination of electrospinning techniques for novel membrane development.
Main Results:
- Identified key challenges in MD, primarily membrane efficacy and biofouling.
- Highlighted the importance of tailored membrane characteristics for optimal MD performance.
- Discussed the role of electrospinning in creating versatile and resistant membranes.
Conclusions:
- Novel membrane development is crucial for overcoming MD limitations.
- Tailored membrane properties and configurations are essential for efficient and sustainable desalination.
- Continued research into advanced membrane materials will enhance MD technology's applicability.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Dialysis
754
Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
754
01:06Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview
309
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
309
01:30Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications
481
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
481
01:15Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes
668
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
668
01:20Electrophoresis: Overview
2.1K
Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
There...
2.1K
02:40Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions
40.6K
A number of natural and synthetic materials exhibit selective permeation, meaning that only molecules or ions of a certain size, shape, polarity, charge, and so forth, are capable of passing through (permeating) the material. Biological cell membranes provide elegant examples of selective permeation in nature, while dialysis tubing used to remove metabolic wastes from blood is a more simplistic technological example. Regardless of how they may be fabricated, these materials are generally...
40.6K