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Exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes.

Ting Yao1,2, Hui Wang3, Kaiqing Lin1

  • 1School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.

Science China. Life Sciences
|February 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regular exercise offers metabolic benefits, potentially through gut microbiota. This study links exercise-induced gut microbial shifts to reduced diabetes risk, suggesting a mediated protective effect against type 2 diabetes.

Keywords:
body fatdiabetesgut microbiotahandgripmaximum oxygen intake

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Metabolic health
  • Exercise science

Background:

  • Long-term physical activity confers metabolic benefits, with emerging evidence implicating the gut microbiota.
  • Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are significant global health concerns.
  • Understanding the interplay between exercise, the gut microbiome, and diabetes is crucial for preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the connection between exercise-induced gut microbial alterations and changes associated with prediabetes and diabetes.
  • To investigate the relationship between physical fitness markers and specific gut microbial species.
  • To explore the mediating role of the gut microbiota in the exercise-diabetes relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of metagenomic species in a Chinese athlete student cohort.
  • Correlation analysis between microbial abundance, physical fitness (handgrip strength, maximum oxygen intake), and diabetes status.
  • Mediation analysis to infer causal relationships between exercise, diabetes risk, and gut microbiota.

Main Results:

  • Significant negative association found between the relative abundance of certain diabetes-associated metagenomic species and physical fitness.
  • Gut microbial changes correlated more strongly with handgrip strength than with maximum oxygen intake.
  • Mediation analysis suggested a partial mediating role of the gut microbiota in the protective effects of exercise against diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise-induced gut microbial changes are linked to reduced diabetes risk.
  • Handgrip strength may serve as a relevant biomarker for these microbial shifts.
  • The gut microbiota partially mediates the protective effects of physical activity against type 2 diabetes.