Association Between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance and Hypertension in Adults: A Meta-Analysis

The metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a recently developed parameter for screening of metabolic disorder. However, the association between METS-IR and risk of hypertension in general adult population remains not fully determined. A meta-analysis was therefore performed. Observational studies evaluating the association between METS-IR and hypertension in adults were retrieved by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to October 10, 2022. A random-effects model, which incorporates the potential influence of heterogeneity, was used to pool the results. Eight studies with 305 341 adults were included in the meta-analysis, and 47 887 (15.7%) of them had hypertension. Pooled results showed that a higher METS-IR was associated with hypertension after adjusting for multiple conventional risk factors [relative risk (RR) for highest versus lowest category of METS-IR: 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.53 to 1.83, p<0.001, I2=8%]. The results were consistent in subgroup analyses according to study design, source of the cohort, age, sex, body mass index of the participants, and quality scores of the study (p for subgroup difference all>0.05). Results of meta-analysis with METS-IR analyzed in continuous variables also showed that METS-IR was associated with the risk of hypertension (RR for 1-unit increment of METS-IR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.23, p<0.001, I2=79%). In conclusion, a high METS-IR is associated with hypertension in general adult population. Measuring METS-IR may be useful for screening participants at high risk of hypertension.