Landscape Genetics for Brazilian Equines.
Felipe Pimentel1, Concepta McManus2, Kaifer Soares3
1CEUB, Campus Universitário Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
|February 16, 2023
Summary
Optimizing DNA collection for Brazil
Area of Science:
- Animal genetics and conservation biology.
- Population genetics and evolutionary biology.
Background:
- Effective DNA collection for national gene banks and conservation requires understanding the spatial and genetic distribution of animal populations.
- Brazilian horse breeds exhibit unique genetic profiles necessitating tailored conservation strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the relationship between genetic and geographic distances in eight Brazilian horse breeds.
- To inform optimized DNA collection strategies for the National Gene Bank and conservation programs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers to assess genetic variation.
- Employed Mantel correlations, Genetic Landscape Shape Interpolation, Allelic Aggregation Index, and spatial autocorrelation analyses.
- Examined collection point locations across eight distinct Brazilian horse breeds.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a nonrandom spatial and genetic distribution of Brazilian horse breeds nationwide.
- Identified minimum collection distances of 530 km for the National Gene Bank.
- Revealed significant genetic structure divisions along North/South and East/West axes, with physical distance not always correlating with genetic differentiation in breeds like the Pantaneiro.
Conclusions:
- Genetic and geographic distances are key factors in Brazilian horse breed distribution.
- Recommended a minimum 530 km collection distance for gene banking, considering identified genetic structure.
- Highlighted the need to account for non-distance-based genetic differentiation when sampling local breeds for conservation.
Related Concept Videos
02:16Genetics of Speciation
19.4K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
19.4K
01:43Incomplete Dominance
24.5K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
24.5K
02:39Gene Flow
35.4K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
35.4K
02:27Trihybrid Crosses
23.5K
Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
23.5K
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
19.5K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
19.5K
01:25Genetic Variation
343
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
343