Couple-based lifestyle intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes: protocol for a randomised pilot trial

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Behavioral Science
• Clinical Trials

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes is a significant public health concern in the US, particularly among adults.
• Lifestyle interventions are effective in preventing or delaying diabetes progression in high-risk individuals.
• Existing interventions often overlook the social context, specifically romantic partners, which can influence health behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the feasibility of a couple-based lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes prevention.
• To assess the study protocol for a definitive randomized clinical trial (RCT).
• To explore the potential of involving romantic partners to enhance engagement and outcomes in diabetes prevention programs.

Main Methods:

• A community-based participatory research approach adapted an individual diabetes prevention curriculum for couples.
• A parallel two-arm pilot study randomized 12 couples (at least one partner at risk) to either the standard individual curriculum or the adapted couple-based curriculum.
• Feasibility was assessed using quantitative and qualitative measures, with research nurses blinded to treatment allocation.

Main Results:

• The study protocol and couple-based intervention were found to be feasible.
• Data collection methods and participant engagement strategies were evaluated.
• Qualitative and quantitative data will inform the design of a larger, definitive RCT.

Conclusions:

• A couple-based lifestyle intervention is a feasible approach for type 2 diabetes prevention.
• Incorporating romantic partners into prevention programs may enhance engagement and effectiveness.
• Findings support the planning and execution of a definitive RCT to confirm these benefits.