Mapping Processes in the Emergency Department Using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method

Area of Science:

• Healthcare Management
• Systems Engineering
• Patient Safety

Background:

• Emergency departments (EDs) are complex, high-pressure environments with high patient volumes and staff turnover, making system improvements difficult.
• Quality improvement (QI) methodologies are crucial in EDs to enhance outcomes like waiting times, treatment delivery, and patient safety.
• System-level changes in EDs can be hindered by a narrow focus, risking the neglect of broader system dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To demonstrate the application of the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM) in emergency department settings.
• To capture frontline staff experiences and perceptions for a comprehensive understanding of ED operations.
• To support quality improvement planning by identifying key system functions, interactions, and patient safety risks.

Main Methods:

• Utilized the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM) to analyze the ED system.
• Collected and analyzed frontline staff experiences and perceptions.
• Mapped key functions within the ED and their interdependencies to understand the overall system ('the forest').

Main Results:

• The FRAM method effectively captured frontline staff perspectives on ED operations.
• Identified key functions within the ED system ('the trees') and their complex interactions.
• Provided a framework for understanding the ED ecosystem and supporting QI initiatives.

Conclusions:

• The functional resonance analysis method is a valuable tool for understanding complex ED systems.
• By focusing on frontline staff experiences, FRAM facilitates the identification of critical functions and interdependencies.
• This approach supports targeted quality improvement planning and enhances patient safety in emergency departments.