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K562--a human erythroleukemic cell line.

L C Andersson, K Nilsson, C G Gahmberg

    International Journal of Cancer
    |February 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The K562 cell line shares surface glycoprotein similarities with red blood cells, not granulocytes. This suggests K562 is an erythroleukemic cell line, not a granulocyte precursor.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Cell Biology
    • Leukemia Research

    Background:

    • The K562 cell line was previously characterized as representing an early stage of granulocyte maturation.
    • Understanding the cell surface properties of leukemia cell lines is crucial for accurate classification and therapeutic targeting.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the surface membrane properties of the human K562 leukemic cell line.
    • To determine the differentiation stage of K562 cells by analyzing their surface glycoproteins.

    Main Methods:

    • Galactose oxidase labeling with sodium borohydride (NaB[3H]4) to tag surface glycoproteins.
    • Slab gel electrophoresis to separate and analyze labeled glycoproteins.
    • Immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation to detect specific surface proteins like glycophorin.

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    Main Results:

    • K562 cell surface glycoprotein patterns closely resemble those of normal erythrocytes.
    • The glycoprotein profile of K562 cells is distinct from normal and malignant cells in the myeloblast to granulocyte differentiation pathway.
    • K562 cells express glycophorin, a major red blood cell sialoglycoprotein, on their surface.

    Conclusions:

    • The surface characteristics of K562 cells are indicative of erythroid lineage.
    • Based on glycophorin expression and glycoprotein patterns, the K562 cell line is identified as a human erythroleukemic line, challenging previous classifications.