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Fluctuating diffusivity emerges even in binary gas mixtures.

Fumiaki Nakai1, Yuichi Masubuchi1, Yuya Doi1

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Researchers discovered a new cause of fluctuating diffusivity in gas mixtures. This phenomenon occurs when a minor gas component

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Chemical kinetics

Background:

  • Diffusivity in soft matter and biological systems can vary over time, a phenomenon termed fluctuating diffusivity.
  • Existing models do not fully explain the origins of fluctuating diffusivity in all systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate a novel origin for fluctuating diffusivity.
  • To explore fluctuating diffusivity in binary gas mixtures with a small fraction of a minor component.

Main Methods:

  • Stochastic simulations of binary gas mixtures.
  • Analysis of systems where the minor component's mass is significantly different from the major component's mass.

Main Results:

  • Fluctuating diffusivity was observed in the minor component when its mass was sufficiently smaller than the major component.
  • The study identified a time scale separation between velocity direction relaxation and speed dynamics as the cause.

Conclusions:

  • A novel mechanism for fluctuating diffusivity in binary gas mixtures has been identified.
  • Time scale separation is a key factor driving fluctuating diffusivity in specific gas mixture conditions.