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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Assessment of Global Ocular Structure Following Spaceflight Using a Micro-Computed Tomography Micro-CT Imaging Method
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More than a Feeling: Dermatological Changes Impacted by Spaceflight.

Henry Cope1, Jonas Elsborg2, Samuel Demharter3

  • 1University of Nottingham.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Astronaut skin health risks during spaceflight are not well understood. This study identifies key biological changes and genes involved, paving the way for potential countermeasures against space-induced skin damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Space biology
  • Dermatology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Spaceflight presents significant health risks, particularly for skin health, due to the unique space environment.
  • The underlying biological mechanisms for increased dermatological issues in astronauts remain largely unknown.

Approach:

  • A systems biology approach was employed, integrating murine skin transcriptomic data from NASA's Open Science Data Repository (OSDR).
  • Biomedical profiles from 50 NASA astronauts were analyzed, with findings validated using data from JAXA astronauts, the NASA Twins Study, and the Inspiration4 mission.
  • A machine learning model identified key genes influencing the skin's response to spaceflight.

Key Points:

  • Significant biological alterations in skin health, DNA damage and repair pathways, and mitochondrial function were observed.
  • Specific genes driving the skin's response to spaceflight were identified using machine learning.
  • Transcriptomic data from multiple astronaut cohorts confirmed the findings.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the biological basis of spaceflight-induced skin issues is crucial for astronaut health.
  • The identified biological pathways and genes provide a foundation for developing effective countermeasures.
  • This research contributes to mitigating dermatological risks for current and future space missions.