Quinolone Antibiotics: Resistance and Therapy

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Microbiology
• Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

• Quinolone antibiotics exhibit extensive clinical use due to their high efficacy against infectious diseases.
• However, their application is associated with significant challenges, primarily bacterial drug resistance, which is nearly unavoidable.
• Both genetic and phenotypic variations in bacteria contribute to resistance development under quinolone therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the historical development, structural characteristics, and bactericidal mechanisms of quinolone antibiotics.
• To provide insights into recent research on quinolone-induced mortality, resistance formation, and the SOS response.
• To summarize current clinical applications and establish a theoretical basis for studying quinolone-resistant and sensitive bacteria.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of drug discovery history and compound structures.
• Analysis of bactericidal mechanisms and resistance formation pathways.
• Synthesis of recent research findings on quinolone antibiotics and clinical studies.

Main Results:

• Quinolones, despite their efficacy, present challenges like drug resistance and side effects.
• Bacterial resistance to quinolones is multifactorial, involving genetic and phenotypic changes.
• The SOS response is closely linked to quinolone treatment and resistance development.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive understanding of quinolone antibiotics, including their mechanisms and resistance, is essential.
• Further research is needed to address the challenges posed by quinolone resistance in clinical settings.
• This review provides a foundation for future studies on quinolone-antibiotic interactions with bacteria.