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Measuring urban expansion pattern using spatial matrices in Khulna City, Bangladesh
Irtija Alam1, Kamrun Nahar1, Md Manjur Morshed1
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh.
Heliyon
|February 17, 2023
Summary
Urbanization in Khulna, Bangladesh, accelerated significantly between 2010-2020, with peripheral areas showing faster growth than Khulna City Corporation (KCC). Key factors include transportation links and economic zones driving peri-urbanization.
Area of Science:
- Urban and Regional Planning
- Remote Sensing and GIS
- Environmental Geography
Background:
- Khulna, Bangladesh's third-largest city, is experiencing polycentric urbanization due to mega-projects.
- Effective urban management necessitates quantifying urban expansion patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify and compare urban expansion in Khulna City Corporation (KCC) and surrounding development hotspots.
- To identify factors influencing peri-urbanization in Khulna.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Landsat remote sensing images from 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020.
- Employed supervised classification within a Geographic Information System (GIS).
- Calculated Annual Urban Expansion Rate, Urban Expansion Intensity Index, and Urban Expansion Differentiation Index.
Main Results:
- Annual urban expansion accelerated to 6.76% in the last decade (2010-2020).
- 48% of total built-up area growth occurred between 2010-2020.
- Peripheral area expansion surpassed KCC's growth after 2010.
Conclusions:
- Peri-urbanization is driven by transportation corridors, economic zones, migration, and land prices.
- Khulna's urbanization pattern is shifting towards polycentric development.
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