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Chronic Kidney Disease and COVID-19 Infection: A Case-Control Study

Firouzeh Moeinzadeh1, Mojgan Mortazavi1, Shahrzad Shahidi1

  • 1Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Advanced Biomedical Research
|February 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients did not show a higher susceptibility to COVID-19 infection compared to healthy individuals. Symptoms like fever and cough were more prevalent in the healthy group, not CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Understanding risk factors for COVID-19 infection is crucial for disease management.
  • While kidney disease is common in COVID-19 patients, data on chronic kidney disease (CKD) and COVID-19 susceptibility are limited.
  • This study investigates the association between CKD and COVID-19 infection risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection.
  • To compare the incidence of COVID-19 symptoms and infection rates between CKD patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 962 Iranian adults (403 with CKD, 559 healthy controls).
  • Participants completed a questionnaire on COVID-19 clinical symptoms, epidemiology, and hospitalization data.
  • Statistical analysis compared infection rates and symptom prevalence between CKD patients and controls across different CKD stages.

Main Results:

  • Healthy controls reported more symptoms including fever, cough, sore throat, headache, anosmia, dyspnea, and abdominal pain compared to CKD patients (P < 0.05).
  • Myalgia was marginally higher in healthy individuals (P = 0.057).
  • No significant difference in COVID-19 infection rates was observed between CKD patients and healthy controls across various CKD stages (P = 0.956).

Conclusions:

  • Clinical presentations of COVID-19 were more common in healthy individuals than in the CKD group.
  • Susceptibility to COVID-19 infection did not significantly differ between CKD patients and healthy individuals, even in early stages of CKD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Case–control studyIranchronic kidney diseasecoronavirus disease 2019prevalence

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