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Copper toxicosis in cattle fed chicken litter.

M I Banton1, S S Nicholson, P L Jowett

  • 1Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70893.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Cattle developed copper toxicosis from eating chicken litter, a feedstuff with high copper levels. Treatment with sodium molybdate and sodium thiosulfate aided recovery in affected cows.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Copper toxicosis is a serious condition in cattle.
  • Ingestion of contaminated feed, such as chicken litter, can lead to toxic levels of copper.
  • Clinical signs include weakness, depression, anorexia, jaundice, and dark urine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report cases of copper toxicosis in cattle due to chicken litter consumption.
  • To identify the source and levels of copper in the feed.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of specific treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Two cattle herds were monitored after ingesting chicken litter daily (9-16 kg/day).
  • Clinical signs were observed, and liver copper concentrations were analyzed.

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  • Chicken litter samples were analyzed for copper content.
  • Affected dairy cattle received sodium molybdate and sodium thiosulfate supplements.

    • Main Results:

    • Affected cattle exhibited sudden onset of weakness, depression, anorexia, icteric mucous membranes, and dark reddish-brown urine.
    • Liver copper concentrations were significantly elevated (436 and 730 ppm).
    • Chicken litter contained high copper levels, ranging from 620 to 920 ppm.
    • Two cows treated with sodium molybdate and thiosulfate recovered.

    Conclusions:

    • Chicken litter can be a source of toxic levels of copper for cattle.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including mineral supplementation, are crucial for managing copper toxicosis.
    • Further research into safe feed management practices is warranted.