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Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices
Published on: July 11, 2025
Real-Space Mapping of Local Subdegree Lattice Rotations in Low-Angle Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Ya-Ning Ren1, Zhen Zhan2, Yi-Wen Liu1
1Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
In two-dimensional small-angle twisted bilayers, van der Waals (vdW) interlayer interaction introduces an atomic-scale reconstruction, which consists of a moiré-periodic network of local subdegree lattice rotations. However, real-space measurement of the subdegree lattice rotation requires extremely high spatial resolution, which is an outstanding challenge in an experiment. Here, a topmost small-period graphene moiré pattern is introduced as a magnifying lens to magnify sub-Angstrom lattice distortions in small-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) by about 2 orders of magnitude. Local moiré periods of the topmost graphene moiré patterns and low-energy van Hove singularities of the system are spatially modified by the atomic-scale reconstruction of the underlying TBG, thus enabling real-space mapping of the networks of the subdegree lattice rotations both in structure and in electronic properties. Our results indicate that it is quite facile to study subdegree lattice rotation in vdW systems by measuring the periods of the topmost moiré superlattice.
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