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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Physics
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Modern transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) utilize detectors nearing the shot-noise limit.
  • Understanding quantum limits is crucial for advancing electron scattering experiments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the quantum limits of electron scattering experiments in TEM.
  • To quantify the ultimate accuracy in atomic structure determination for a given electron dose.
  • To explore the achievability of these quantum limits.

Main Methods:

  • Application of quantum estimation theory.
  • Analysis of electron scattering processes within the TEM.
  • Consideration of weak and strong multiple scattering regimes.

Main Results:

  • Quantitative answers provided for quantum limits in TEM electron scattering.
  • Quantum limits are achievable under weak scattering conditions.
  • Strong multiple scattering prevents achieving the quantum limit.

Conclusions:

  • The study establishes quantum limits for atomic structure determination using TEM.
  • Findings highlight the importance of scattering conditions for achieving ultimate accuracy.
  • Results have implications for imaging radiation-sensitive materials.