Diuresis-matched versus standard hydration in patients undergoing percutaneous cardiovascular procedures:...

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a potential complication of procedures requiring administration of iodinated contrast medium. RenalGuard, which provides real-time matching of intravenous hydration with furosemide-induced diuresis, is an alternative to standard periprocedural hydration strategies. The evidence on RenalGuard in patients undergoing percutaneous cardiovascular procedures is sparse. We used a Bayesian framework to perform a meta-analysis of RenalGuard as a CA-AKI preventive strategy.

We searched Medline, Cochrane Library and Web of Science for randomized trials of RenalGuard vs standard periprocedural hydration strategies. The primary outcome was CA-AKI. Secondary outcomes were all-cause death, cardiogenic shock, acute pulmonary edema, and renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy. A Bayesian random-effect risk ratio (RR) with corresponding 95% credibility interval (95%CrI) was calculated for each outcome. PROSPERO database number CRD42022378489.

Six studies were included. RenalGuard was associated with a significant relative reduction in CA-AKI (median RR, 0.54; 95%CrI, 0.31-0.86) and acute pulmonary edema (median RR, 0.35; 95%CrI, 0.12-0.87). No significant differences were observed for the other secondary endpoints [all-cause death (RR, 0.49; 95%CrI, 0.13-1.08), cardiogenic shock (RR, 0.06; 95%CrI, 0.00-1.91), and renal replacement therapy (RR, 0.52; 95%CrI, 0.18-1.18)]. The Bayesian analysis also showed that RenalGuard had a high probability of ranking first for all the secondary outcomes. These results were consistent in multiple sensitivity analyses.

In patients undergoing percutaneous cardiovascular procedures, RenalGuard was associated with a reduced risk of CA-AKI and acute pulmonary edema compared with standard periprocedural hydration strategies.