Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2025
In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease
Published on: May 27, 2022
SGLT2 inhibitors for prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular outcomes: A meta-analysis of randomized
Guijun He1, Guosu Yang1, Xiaoyu Huang2
1Chengdu Third People's Hospital, Chengdu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China.
Background:
Many clinical studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce cardiovascular risks, such as heart failure, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death.
Objective:
To investigate the use of SGLT2i for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular outcomes.
Methods:
Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane libraries databases were searched and meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4.
Results:
Eleven studies with a total of 34,058 cases were analyzed. SGLT2i significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.94, p = 0.004), no prior MI (OR 0. 82, 95% CI 0.74-0.90, p<0.0001), prior coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73-0.93, p = 0.001) and no prior CAD (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.76-0.91, p = 0.0002) compared with placebo. In addition, SGLT2i significantly reduced hospitalization due to heart failure (HF) in patients with prior MI (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55-0.87, p = 0.001), no prior MI (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.55-0. 72, p<0.00001), prior CAD (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53-0.79, p<0.0001) and no prior CAD (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.56-0.75, p<0.00001) compared with placebo. SGLT2i reduced cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality events. MI (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.88, p<0.0001), renal damage (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.58-0.91, p = 0.004), all-cause hospitalization (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96, p = 0.002), systolic and diastolic blood pressure were all significantly reduced in patients receiving SGLT2i.
Conclusion:
SGLT2i was effective in prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular outcomes.
Insights
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) effectively prevent cardiovascular events, reducing major adverse cardiovascular events and heart failure hospitalizations. These findings highlight SGLT2i as a key therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are increasingly recognized for their cardiovascular benefits.
- Clinical evidence suggests SGLT2i reduce risks of heart failure, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death.
Approach:
- A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted using data from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries.
- Eleven studies involving 34,058 participants were analyzed to assess the efficacy of SGLT2i.
Key Points:
- SGLT2i significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with and without prior myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD).
- Hospitalization due to heart failure (HF) was significantly decreased by SGLT2i across all patient subgroups.
- SGLT2i also demonstrated significant reductions in myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, renal damage, and blood pressure.
Conclusions:
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are effective in preventing both primary and secondary cardiovascular outcomes.
- The findings support the use of SGLT2i for comprehensive cardiovascular risk management.
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