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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

54.5K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

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Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...
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Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
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Novel Virtual Vision Screening Program: Give Kids Sight Day 2020.

Caitlin P Green, Michael J Lai, Rujuta A Gore

    Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
    |February 21, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel virtual vision screening protocol effectively identified pediatric visual acuity issues, correlating well with in-person tests. This low-technology approach shows promise for widespread community vision outreach programs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Public Health
    • Pediatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Underserved children often lack access to regular vision screenings and ophthalmic care.
    • Community outreach programs like Give Kids Sight Day (GKSD) aim to bridge this gap.
    • Innovative, low-cost screening methods are crucial for expanding access to eye care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the reliability of a novel, low-technology virtual vision screening protocol for pediatric visual acuity.
    • To assess the correlation between virtual screening results and in-person eye examinations.

    Main Methods:

    • A low-technology virtual vision screening protocol was implemented during the Give Kids Sight Day (GKSD) outreach program.
    • 152 children received in-person eye examinations based on virtual screening results.
    • Data from virtual screenings were compared with in-person examination data for 151 children.

    Main Results:

    • A moderate correlation (R = .64) was found between virtual and in-person visual acuity without correction.
    • A strong correlation (R = 0.82) was observed between virtual and in-person visual acuity with correction.
    • 133 children received glasses prescriptions, and 17 were referred for further ophthalmic evaluation (e.g., strabismus, amblyopia).

    Conclusions:

    • The virtual visual acuity testing demonstrated good correlation with in-person assessments.
    • The virtual screening approach is a valuable tool for future community vision outreach.
    • Further research is needed to optimize virtual ophthalmic screening for broader application.