Proximal interphalangeal joint prosthetic arthroplasty.

Area of Science:

• Hand Surgery
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Painful proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthritis is a common condition.
• Historically, arthrodesis (fusion) was the primary surgical treatment.
• Patient demand for mobility and pain relief has driven the development of alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolution of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint prostheses.
• To identify key indications for PIP joint prosthetic arthroplasty.
• To describe the various PIP joint prostheses currently available.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of historical and current PIP joint arthroplasty techniques.
• Analysis of prosthesis design, materials, and surgical approaches.
• Discussion of factors influencing prosthesis selection and outcomes.

Main Results:

• PIP joint arthrodesis remains a gold standard for some patients.
• Prosthetic arthroplasty offers improved mobility and pain relief.
• The development of PIP prostheses has been complex, with market fluctuations due to complications and commercial factors.

Conclusions:

• Prosthetic arthroplasty is a viable option for select patients with destroyed PIP joints.
• Careful patient selection, prosthesis choice, and surgical technique are crucial for successful outcomes.
• Understanding the history and available options is essential for surgeons managing PIP joint destruction.