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Prevalence of Rhabdomyolysis Following Bariatric Surgery and its Associated Risk Factors: a Meta-Analysis
Zhiguang Gao1, Yuzhi Liang2, Zhenpeng Wu3
1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, SSL Central Hospital of Dongguan City, The Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.1, Huangzhou Xianglong Road of Shilong Town, Dongguan, 523326, Guangdong, China. gaozhiguangscholar@dingtalk.com.
Obesity Surgery
|February 22, 2023
Summary
Rhabdomyolysis (RML) after bariatric surgery occurs in 19.4% of patients, with longer operative times and higher BMI increasing risk. Early CKP monitoring is recommended for high-risk patients to prevent complications.
Area of Science:
- Bariatric Surgery
- Nephrology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Rhabdomyolysis (RML) is a serious condition involving muscle breakdown.
- Bariatric surgery is increasingly common for obesity management.
- Factors contributing to post-surgical RML require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of RML following bariatric surgery.
- To identify potential risk factors associated with RML development post-surgery.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases up to August 2022.
- Inclusion of 16 studies with 1540 patients reporting RML prevalence and relevant perioperative data.
- Meta-analysis and meta-regression to identify risk factors.
Main Results:
- Overall pooled crude prevalence of RML was 19.4%.
- RML prevalence increased significantly with longer operative times: 8.1% (>120-180 min), 32.8% (>180-240 min), and 47.4% (>240 min).
- Independent risk factors for RML included longer operation time, BMI > 50 kg/m², and open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).
Conclusions:
- RML prevalence escalates with prolonged operative duration in bariatric surgery.
- Patients undergoing open RYGB with BMI > 50 kg/m² or surgery exceeding 180 minutes face elevated RML risk.
- Routine early monitoring of CKP (creatine kinase) is advised for high-risk individuals to prevent severe outcomes.
