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Defining orienting language in the genetic counseling process.

Katherine E Cook1,2, Bonnie J Baty1, Karin M Dent1

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Orienting language, used to guide focus in genetic counseling, is prevalent and varied. This communication strategy helps clients navigate complex information and enhances the counseling process.

Keywords:
communicationcomprehensioncounseling techniqueseducationgenetic counselingorienting language

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Area of Science:

  • Genetic Counseling
  • Communication in Healthcare
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Genetic counseling involves complex information, requiring effective communication strategies.
  • Existing literature touches on 'orientation' statements, but a broader concept is needed.
  • Orienting language is proposed as a key component of effective genetic counseling communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and document orienting language in genetic counseling sessions.
  • To categorize the types and purposes of orienting language used.
  • To evaluate the prevalence and function of orienting language in practice.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of videotape transcripts from the Genetic Counseling Video Project.
  • Consensus coding to identify and categorize orienting language strategies and purposes.
  • Evaluation across different genetic counseling specialties (cancer, prenatal) and counselor experience levels.

Main Results:

  • Orienting language was found to be abundant in genetic counseling sessions.
  • Six categories of orienting language strategies were identified: Logical Consistency, Providing Context, Guidance, Structuring the Session, Anchoring, and Procedural.
  • Six categories of orienting language purposes were identified: Counselee Understanding, Guidance, Engagement, Promoting Effective Counselor/Counselee Interactions, Counselee Adaptation, and Relationship Building.

Conclusions:

  • The expanded definition of orienting language is supported by its prevalence and consistent application across specialties and experience levels.
  • Orienting language functions as navigational 'signposts' for clients in genetic counseling.
  • Formalizing and potentially incorporating orienting language into genetic counselor training is recommended.