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Updated: Aug 9, 2025
Author Spotlight: Assessing Brain Activity in Robotic-Assisted Lower Limb Rehabilitation Using fNIRS
Published on: June 7, 2024
Cortical activation in robot-assisted dynamic and static resistance training combining VR interaction: An fNIRS based
Jinyu Zheng1,2, Wanying He1,2, Qiqi Ma1,2
1Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Static isometric training using upper limb rehabilitation robots shows greater cortical activation than dynamic training. This suggests static training may enhance motor control by engaging sensorimotor and premotor cortex more effectively.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Rehabilitation Engineering
- Human-Computer Interaction
Background:
- Limited understanding of isometric training efficacy and neural mechanisms in upper limb rehabilitation robotics.
- Need for advanced systems combining robotic assistance with engaging interfaces like virtual reality (VR).
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate and compare cortical activation patterns between dynamic and static (isometric) training modes.
- Utilize functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure brain activity during robot-assisted upper limb training with VR.
- Analyze functional connectivity (FC) changes in response to different training paradigms.
Main Methods:
- Employed a block paradigm design with 20 participants undergoing dynamic and static training conditions.
- Measured neural activities in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortex (PMC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) using fNIRS.
- Analyzed cortex activation and functional connectivity (FC) between brain regions.
Main Results:
- Both dynamic and static training modes successfully activated the SMC, PMC, and PFC.
- Static training demonstrated significantly stronger activation in the SMC and PMC compared to dynamic training (p < 0.05).
- Functional connectivity between all analyzed regions of interest (ROIs) was greater during static training.
Conclusions:
- Static training, utilizing upper limb rehabilitation robots, appears more effective in facilitating cortical activation related to motor control.
- Findings suggest potential benefits of isometric protocols for enhancing neural plasticity and motor recovery.
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