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Related Concept Videos

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management

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The nursing management of a patient undergoing hemodialysis includes several critical steps, starting with a thorough assessment before the procedure.Before the Hemodialysis ProcedureFirst, record the patient's vital signs—blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature—to establish a baseline. This baseline is essential for detecting conditions such as hypotension that could impact the patient's response to dialysis. Document the patient's pre-dialysis weight, as this...
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Autoregulation of Blood Flow01:17

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Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

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Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
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Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
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Cerebral blood flow pulsatility and cerebral artery stiffness acutely decrease during hemodialysis.

Mathilde Paré1,2,3, Hasan Obeid1, Lawrence Labrecque2,3

  • 1CHU de Québec Research Center, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec Hospital, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.

Physiological Reports
|February 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hemodialysis acutely reduces cerebral blood flow pulsatility and stiffness in brain arteries for end-stage kidney disease patients. This may impact cognitive function in patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnesscerebral pulsatility indexend-stage kidney diseasehemodialysismiddle cerebral artery mean blood velocitypulse wave velocity

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Physiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is linked to arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment.
  • Cognitive decline in ESKD patients on hemodialysis may stem from altered cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute effects of hemodialysis on pulsatile CBF components.
  • To explore the relationship between hemodialysis-induced changes in CBF and arterial stiffness.

Main Methods:

  • Middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) was measured using transcranial Doppler ultrasound in 8 ESKD patients.
  • Brachial and central blood pressure, and estimated aortic pulse wave velocity (eAoPWV) were recorded.
  • Cerebral pulse arrival time (PAT) was used to assess arterial stiffness from the heart to the brain.

Main Results:

  • Hemodialysis significantly reduced mean and systolic MCAv.
  • While eAoPWV showed no significant change, cerebral PAT increased, indicating reduced arterial stiffness.
  • Increased cerebral PAT correlated with diminished pulsatile MCAv components.

Conclusions:

  • Hemodialysis acutely decreases arterial stiffness in cerebral vessels.
  • The study demonstrates reduced pulsatile blood flow velocity in the brain during hemodialysis.
  • Findings suggest hemodialysis influences cerebrovascular hemodynamics and arterial properties.